If you’re starting your journey to become a Registered Behavior Technician (RBT), one of the first big steps is completing the Initial Competency Assessment. This step can feel intimidating at first, but don’t worry—you’re not alone. Every new RBT has to go through it, and with the right preparation, you can walk in feeling confident and ready.
This guide will break down what the assessment is, what skills you’ll be tested on, and how to prepare in a way that feels doable (and maybe even stress-free).
What Is the RBT Initial Competency Assessment?
Think of the Initial Competency Assessment as your hands-on check-up. Before you can sit for the official RBT exam, a BCBA (Board Certified Behavior Analyst) or BCaBA (Board Certified Assistant Behavior Analyst) will evaluate you on real-world ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) skills.
Unlike the exam, which is multiple-choice, this is about showing what you can do. You’ll be observed performing tasks, explaining concepts, and demonstrating professional conduct. It’s basically the BACB’s way of making sure you’re not just book-smart—you’re job-ready.
Who Conducts the Assessment?
Your assessment must be completed by:
- A BCBA or BCaBA in good standing, OR
- An RBT Supervisor/Requirements Coordinator who’s qualified under BACB guidelines.
This ensures you’re being evaluated by someone with experience in ABA practice and ethical standards.
What Skills Are Covered?
The assessment follows the RBT Task List (2nd Edition), which is the same framework used in the exam. The skills are grouped into several domains:
- Measurement → Collecting and recording data, graphing results.
- Assessment → Running preference assessments, identifying reinforcers.
- Skill Acquisition → Teaching new skills, using prompts, reinforcement, and chaining.
- Behavior Reduction → Implementing intervention plans, handling challenging behavior appropriately.
- Documentation & Reporting → Accurately recording information, maintaining confidentiality.
- Professional Conduct & Ethics → Acting with professionalism, following BACB ethical guidelines.
Note – Some tasks may be role-played, while others are evaluated with real clients (depending on your supervisor’s setting).
How Is It Scored?
Good news—it’s not about getting a percentage like on a written test. Instead, your supervisor will mark each item as:
- Competent (you did it correctly), or
- Needs more practice
You must demonstrate competency in all required areas to move forward and apply for the RBT exam.
How to Prepare for the Assessment
Here are some tried-and-true strategies to get ready:
1. Review the Task List
The RBT Task List is your roadmap. Print it out, highlight tricky areas, and review them often.
2. Practice With a Peer or Mentor
If you can, role-play scenarios with a classmate, coworker, or friend. For example:
- Have someone act as a client while you run a preference assessment.
- Practice explaining ABA concepts in simple terms.
3. Watch ABA in Action
Sometimes it’s easier to see skills than read about them. Look for ABA demonstration videos on YouTube or training platforms to observe techniques in real time.
4. Use Flashcards for Key Terms
ABA has a ton of terminology (think: reinforcement, extinction, prompting hierarchy). Flashcards make it easier to quiz yourself on-the-go.
5. Ask Questions During Training
If you’re in a 40-hour RBT training course, don’t just sit quietly. Ask your trainer to clarify steps you’re unsure about. Small details—like how to phrase instructions or where to record data—can make a big difference.
Tips to Stay Calm During the Assessment
- Treat it like practice, not a test. Your supervisor wants you to succeed—they’re not out to fail you.
- Think aloud. If you forget a step, explaining your reasoning can sometimes show you understand the process.
- Stay professional. Arrive prepared, dress neatly, and use respectful language.
- Review your notes the night before. A quick refresher will boost your confidence.
What Happens After the Assessment?
Once you’ve passed:
- Your supervisor will sign off on your competency form.
- You’ll then submit this form, along with other application materials, to the BACB.
- After approval, you’ll be eligible to schedule and take the official RBT exam.
If you don’t pass on the first try—don’t panic. Your supervisor will let you know what areas need more work, and you’ll get another chance once you’ve practiced those skills.
Final Thoughts
The RBT Initial Competency Assessment isn’t designed to trick you—it’s designed to help you prove you’re ready to support clients with real skills. If you’ve completed your 40-hour training and put in the practice, you already have what it takes.
Remember: every RBT before you has gone through this same step, and it’s simply part of the process. Take it seriously, prepare thoughtfully, and go into it with confidence. You’ve got this!
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How long does the RBT Initial Competency Assessment take?
It usually takes 2–3 hours, but the exact time depends on your supervisor, the number of role-play vs. client-based tasks, and how quickly you demonstrate skills.
2. Is the competency assessment harder than the RBT exam?
Not necessarily. The exam is multiple-choice, while the assessment is hands-on. If you’ve practiced the skills during training, most people find the assessment more straightforward.
3. Can I retake the assessment if I don’t pass?
Yes. If your supervisor feels you need more practice, they’ll give feedback and allow you to retake the assessment once you’re ready.
4. Do I need to complete the competency assessment before applying for the RBT exam?
Yes. The BACB requires a completed, signed competency assessment form before you can apply for the exam.
5. Who can conduct the RBT Initial Competency Assessment?
A qualified BCBA, BCaBA, or RBT Supervisor approved by the BACB must conduct it.
6. What should I bring to the assessment?
Bring a notebook, pen, and any required forms from your supervisor. Some evaluators may also want you to have your training certificate ready.